part 8

Magnetic Moment and influence of the external magnetic field

An external magnetic field splits the degenerate CEF levels, changes their energy and mixes wave functions of different states. The Cartesian components of the magnetization M (the sum of the single ion magnetic moments m) are then as follows:

where:
α= x, y, z.
μB– Bohr magneton
gJ= Lande factor
kB= 1,38 · 10 -23 J/K (Boltzmann constant)

see: EXAMPLES

• Details of Theory

  • Hamiltonian
  • Fine electronic structure Ei, Γi Ei, Γi(|LSLzSz>)
  • The thermodynamic functions

  Computable properties:

  • entropy S(T)
  • specific heat Cmol(T)
  • magnetic moment and influence of the external magnetic field for it m(B,T)
  • magnetic susceptibility along different crystal directions χi(T)
  • visibility of the energy levels in spectroscopy <Γi|J_|Γj>, <Γi|J+|Γj> , <Γi|JZ|Γj>
  • spin and orbital momenta of the magnetic ion in solid <Γi|L|Γi>, <Γi|S|Γi>